Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1 Ph.D. Candidate of Comparative and Analytic History of Islamic Arts,Department of Comparative and Analytic History of Islamic Art , Theoretical Sciences and Higher Art Studies Faculty, University of Art, Tehran, Iran.
2 Ph.D. in Art Research, Associate Professor of the University of Art, Faculty of Theoretical Sciences and Higher Art Studies, Department of Art Research.
Abstract
Scholars have been confronted with numerous problems in compiling art history. Using the method of philology along with other methods of studying the history of art, can help researchers to solve some Mystery and compensate for the lack of evidence. Here, philology means the study of words to achieve the correct and valid meaning of the word and its application as an artistic term throughout the various periods of art history. Philology can be used as an interdisciplinary study method to achieve a proper understanding of the meaning and concept of vocabulary and artistic expressions. The researcher must establish an appropriate communication between his information and knowledge in the field of art and artwork with his information in the field of literature and literary sciences related to Philology. Although this method has many merits and uses in the field of art research, its application requires observing the points that, if not followed, will lead to a mislead of the researcher and will lead to a misleading study direction. The research hypothesis is that understanding the meaning of words and phrases and thinking about the meaning of the names of historical artistic objects can be used as one of a variety of research methods on the form and meaning of artwork. In this paper, the importance and situation of philology in art history studies is shown. To achieve this destination, three case studies have been reviewed and the findings have been based on the Critical Study of these items. They include Botteh Jeqqeh, Char Bagh, Panj - O - Haft Arc. A review of the case studies shows that the inappropriate use of the methodology of philology has misconstrued and misinterpreted researchers, sometimes ignoring historical and archaeological evidence. Some of these matters include: superficiality, lack of full knowledge of researchers with philosophy and Literary science such as grammatical structure of words, etc., ignore language changes during periods of history, lack of attention to historical developments, lack of attention to local languages and cultures, etc.
To apply this methodology, researchers must investigate archaeological and historical evidence in order to achieve a comprehensive understanding of the subject matter of the research. In the second step, using dictionaries and Lexicons, the meaning of the name of the subject is discussed in a lexical way. If the data in the philology department can match the data of the artistic department or the data of these two parts complement each other, they can be used to analyze and interpret the data and research findings. This paper introduces the methodology of philology and the hints and nuances of its application in art research, which has been critically presented Data is collected through library studies and internet search
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