Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1 Assistant Professor, Visual Arts Faculty, Islamic Art University of Tabriz، Tabriz, Iran
2 Master student of Persian Miniature Painting, Visual Arts Faculty,, Tabriz Islamic Art University of Tabriz,, Tabriz, Iran.
Abstract
One of the outstanding Iranian painting schools is Safavid Tabriz School represented by a prominent artist such as Sultan Mohammad. Sultan Mohammad, an Iranian painter active in the tenth century hejri qamari (first half of the sixteenth century milady) is one of the most prominent masters of the founding of the second school of Tabriz, who has taken a great step in advancing and promoting the art of painting and has reached its highest level. He was unique among other masters of Tabriz in terms of imagination and skill in complex compositions, clever coordination of colors and measured details. He was inspired by nature and the surrounding space in creating his works and the elements of nature around him. By the power of imagination, genius and unique visual language, he has taken a great step in promoting the art of painting and cloud drawing as one of the seven principles of Iranian painting perfected in his works. Sultan Mohammad has worked creatively and purposefully on the subject of cloud drawing. Cloud has concepts in harmony with the composition and subject matter of the painting in his works which necessitates a more careful examination of his cloud drawing. Sometimes, depending on the artist's creativity and in harmony with the subject of the story, they take on special effects or are seen in a special and different way, and in some cases in harmony with The elements and other motifs of the image help to understand the meaning and concept of the story. The aim of this article is to study the style of Sultan-Mohammad cloud making in his ten e works while introducing his innovative aspects and masterful innovations in this field to examine the form and concept of cloud in these works. Accordingly, the following questions are arisen: 1) How is the cloud depicted in the works of Sultan-Muhammad? 2) What are the innovations of Sultan Mohammad's style of painting as an innovative artist? The research method is descriptive-analytical and the data collection method is documentary.Findings indicate that in the subject of cloud and cloud-making, Sultan Mohammad was creative and implemented the most beautiful forms. In his paintings, he has considered the unity and solidarity in the cloud and clearly used Islamic-clouds which induces a sense of dynamism and fluidity in the cloud. Sultan-Mohammad clouds are close to the general shape of the dragon's body and evoke the twisting of the dragon's body in the mind. He has used cryptic symbols and according to their visual power, which indicates his genius. In one of these works, he has employed two symbols of the dragon and Simorgh, in the form of a cloud to show the concept of the opposition between good and evil.
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