نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• فاطمه سید محسنی ¹
• بیژن اربابی ²

¹ دانش آموخته، گروه آموزشی فرش، دانشکده هنرهای کاربردی، دانشگاه هنر، تهران، ایران

² گروه آموزشی فرش، دانشکده هنرهای کاربردی، دانشگاه هنر، تهران، ایران

چکیده

این تحقیق با هدف بررسی علل افول تولیدات فرش در ساروق، به روش کیفی و با رویکرد نظریة زمینه‌ای انجام شده است. روش گردآوری اطلاعات نیز به روش ترکیبی است، که از طریق ابزار مصاحبة نیمه‌ساختاریافته با 18 نفر، شامل 14 نفر از افراد وابسته به هنر-صنعت فرش و 4 نفر غیرمرتبط، که بر اساس شیوة نمونه‌گیری هدفمند انتخاب شده‌اند، و مشاهدات میدانی، اطلاعات جمع‌آوری شده است. سپس یافته‌ها طی دو مرحله تجزیه و تحلیل شده است. ابتدا از طریق کدگذاری باز و سپس با استفاده از کدگذاری محوری. بررسی و تحلیل یافته‌ها منجر به شکل‌گیری ده مقوله، شامل: تأثیر سیاست بر فرش، بی‌توجهی به بازاریابی، سلیقه‌یابی و تبلیغات، چالش‌های کیفی و کمی فرآیند تولید، سلامت جسمانی و دغدغه‌های مالی، افزایش سطح کیفیت زندگی و رفاه مردم، حمایت و تسهیلات دولتی، افزایش روند پدیدة مهاجرت، بی‌توجهی به مباحث زیبایی‌شناختی فرش، عدم توجه بلند مدت به حفظ اصالت فرهنگی فرش و مقرون به صرفه نبودن تولید فرش، شد. در نهایت یک مدل مفهومی که دربرگیرندة شرایط علی، شرایط زمینه‌ای، شرایط مداخله‌گر، راهبردها و پیامد‌ها می‌باشد نیز به منظور توضیح روابط میان مقولات طراحی شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

• تولید فرش
• ساروق
• اراک
• افول قالیبافی

عنوان مقاله [English]

A study of the causes of decline in the carpet manufacturing of Saruq region: A grounded theory approach

نویسندگان [English]

• Fatemeh Seyed Mohseni ¹
• Bijan Arbabi ²

¹ Carpet Academic Department, Applied Arts Faculty, University of Art, Tehran, Iran

² Carpet Academic Department, Applied Arts Faculty, University of Art, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

Manufacturing of handmade carpets has faced many challenges to date, and its growth and development have been dependent on various factors.
There have been many centers of excellence in the field of carpet production so far, but for various reasons they have been gradually declining or even falling out of the carpet industry.
There are also a number of carpet weaving areas in the country that have had a remarkable track record in recent years in the field of production and sales. One of the prominent centers is the Sarouk area of Arak city It can be considered one of the most important carpet weaving centers in Markazi province both in production and export in the past decades.
The question now is what factors have contributed to the decline of carpet weaving in the region and what solutions can be proposed to improve the carpet weaving situation in the area.
The main purpose of the present study is also to investigate the causes of declining carpet production in the Sarouk region, which is associated with Considering the amount of production and the important export position it has had in recent years, And has attempted to identify ways of coming out of the situation by identifying and examining the factors that have contributed to the downward trend of the area under review in the last few years. On the other hand, by recognizing the factors affecting the decline in the production of a carpet weaving area, we can understand the importance of each of these factors and use them to prevent possible decline in other areas and provide appropriate solutions.
The purpose of this study is descriptive-analytical in terms of purpose and application. Data collection was done in two ways: library and field, using surveying, observing, interviewing and photographing tools.
Based on research findings through interviews with experts, officials, producers, sellers, weavers, and observers in the study area,Seven factors were identified as the main causes of the decline in carpet production in Sarouq Including: rural migration (one of the major consequences of land reform and industrialization in the region), Getting older the Weavers and the decline of the young population in Sarouq, The carpet weaving profession and the physical and psychological damage it caused, The effects of subsidizing cash payments and stopping government support schemes such as carpet weaving, Reducing diversity and innovation in design and motifs, Paying little attention to marketing, taste and advertising issues, As well as the outflow of large producers and the decline in investment in Sarouq, And ultimately, the quality of life and well-being of the people will increase, each of which has had a direct and indirect impact on the downward trend in Sarouq carpet products.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• "carpet production"
• "sarouk"
• "arak"
• "carpet weaving's wane"