نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسنده
استادیار، گروه معماری، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران
چکیده
تاکنون از آنخودسازیها و بازخوانیهای معاصر بسیاری از نگارههای ایرانی بهویژه نگارههای بهزاد صورت گرفته که در این میان از آن خودسازیهای سودی شریفی با نگرشی فرهنگی-انتقادی متفاوت است. این نوشتار به دو بازخوانی شریفی در سریال ماکسیاتور1 او از دو نگاره بهزاد و رابطه گفتمانی ایجادشده میان آنها میپردازد. هدف از این پژوهش واکاوی گفتمانی نگارههای تیموری بهزاد، متنهای معاصر شریفی و نیز پیوند میان آنهاست و به این پرسشها پاسخ میدهد: هر یک از این نگارهها و متنها چه گفتمانی از جامعه خویش را بازتولید میکنند؟ و براساس گفتمانها و فاصله تاریخی میان نگارههای بهزاد و متنهای شریفی پیوستگی میان آنها چگونه تبیین میشود؟ این پژوهش از نظر روش تحلیلی–تطبیقی است. خوانش فرامتنی نگارهها و متنها، با رویکرد تحلیل گفتمان انتقادی فرکلاف و بیناگفتمان است. گردآوری دادهها به روش فیشبرداری از منابع کتابخانهای بوده و تجزیه و تحلیل دادهها نیز کیفی است. نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که شریفی نگارههای بهزاد را چون سندی تاریخی از واقعیت جامعه و سنتهای گذشته ایرانیان دانسته و در از آن خودسازی آنها با رویکردی فرهنگی-انتقادی به دلیل آشنایی با پیشینه ادبی- هنری و بافت فرهنگی_ اجتماعی و سنتهای گذشته ایرانیان همراه با برگرفتگی ساختار صوری به مضمون و محتوای نگارهها نیز توجه داشتهاست.
نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که شریفی نگارههای بهزاد را چون سندی تاریخی از واقعیت جامعه و سنتهای گذشته ایرانیان دانسته و در از آن خودسازی آنها با رویکردی فرهنگی-انتقادی به دلیل آشنایی با پیشینه ادبی- هنری و بافت فرهنگی_ اجتماعی و سنتهای گذشته ایرانیان همراه با برگرفتگی ساختار صوری به مضمون و محتوای نگارهها نیز توجه داشتهاست.
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
A study of appropriation of "The Story of Yusuf and Zuleikha" and “Sa,di and Javan – e– Kashghari" by Kamaluddin Behzad in Sodi Sharifi's Maxiator based on Norman Fairclough's opinions.
نویسنده [English]
- nastaran norouzi
Associate Professor, Architecture Department, Research Institute of Art and Architecture , Engineering Faculty ,Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
چکیده [English]
In today’s world, many artistic texts are produced with the appropriation approach and based on rereading the previous known works. Although these contemporary texts borrow the previous texts and provide a new reading of them, in fact they reproduce their society’s discourse, i.e. the contemporary discourse different from the past work’s discourse, hence creating a new meaning of the previous work in the framework of the contemporary discourse.
Accordingly, numerous texts have been created by Iranian and non-Iranian artists with appropriation of Iranian paintings, particularly from its peak period, i.e. the Timurid and Safavid eras (9th and 10th centuries). Kamāl ud-Dīn Behzād is the most well-known Iranian painter who lived in the Timurid and Safavid eras, with works extensively read in the past and today. Behzād is one of the few Iranian artists praised both during his life and after his death owing to the creation of pure and innovative paintings aligned with his society as well as his special view of the world around him.Looking at the same characteristic of Behzād, Soody Sharifi, a contemporary artist with many texts taken from Iranian paintings, has reread some of his paintings with a critical approach and accordingly discussed some socio-cultural issues in Iranians’ past and present history, two rereading works of Sharifi in the Maxiatures series are among which.
The present research is aimed at analyzing the discourse of Behzād’s Timurid paintings, Sharifi’s contemporary texts, and the link between them, as well as answering the questions below:
1. What discourse of their society do each of these paintings and texts reproduce?
2. What is the link between Behzād’s paintings and Sharifi’s texts based on their discourses and historical distance?
The research is conducted with a fundamental goal and by an analytical-comparative method. The hypertextual reading of paintings and texts is with the approach of Fairclough’s critical discourse analysis and based on an interdiscourse adaptation. The data and images of paintings and texts have been collected by taking notes from library and internet sources. Moreover, data analysis is qualitative.
Decoding and deeply understanding artworks, particularly those connected with each other, increase the necessity and importance of addressing these texts with a discourse approach, and achieving this goal depends on knowing the artistic traditions, society, history, and culture in which the artist lived and initiated creating art.
According to these research results, Sharifi has considered Behzād’s paintings as historical documents of the reality of Iranian’s past society and traditions, and in their appropriation, given her familiarity with their literary-artistic background, cultural-social context, and past traditions, she has paid attention to the paintings’ theme and content along with taking a formal structure with a cultural-critical approach. Through these appropriations, Sharifi has addressed the tension between old and new values or traditional Islamic society and modernity to challenge the Iranian contemporary Islamic culture in connection with the relationship between men and women, the women’s position, and the youth’s confusion.
کلیدواژهها [English]
- Fairclough Critical Discourse Analysis
- Appropriation
- Iranian painting
- Kamāl ud-Dīn Behzād
- Soody Sharifi